Liliana Polo-Corrales ¹, Jaime Ramirez-Vick ², Jhon Jairo Feria-Diaz ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, University of Sucre, Cra. 28 #5-267, Puerta Roja, Sincelejo, CO
2 Department of Biomedical, Industrial & Human Factors Engineering, Wright State University Dayton, OH. United States of America
3 Department of Civil Engineering, University of Sucre, Cra. 28 #5-267, Puerta Roja, Sincelejo, CO

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to review the recent advances in biophysical stimulation of MSC for bone regeneration with particular relevance in the tissue engineering field. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The review process had three steps: First, by the use of databases available, the principal findings published related to the different types of biophysical stimulation applied to Mesenchymal Stem cells (MSC) for bone tissue regeneration were compiled. Second, the principal characteristics such as historical relevance, conditions of operation, signaling, and principal results were obtained from each study. And third, considering the above characteristics, a description of each study was realized. Findings: This review highlighted the following findings: a) The capacity of MSC for differentiating to multiple lineages have attracted attention in regenerative medicine applications; b) Biophysical stimulation is an alternative in order to promote the osteodifferentiation of MSC; c) During the process of application of this type of stimulation, the generation of biochemical signals which is related to the changes in the environment of the cell (i.e., cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation) are generated; and d) Despite a large number of studies published in this area, these do not explain clearly the mechanisms related to the generation of these signaling produced by the biophysical effects (i.e., mechanical, electrical, and electromagnetic). Furthermore, in this review, a compilation of the last five years was done, which emphasize in the aspect historical, conditions of operation, and biochemical signaling generated of each type of biophysical stimulation of MSC for osteodifferentiation. Application/ Improvements: Biophysical stimulation causes multiple effects on the cell environment, producing changes in its morphology, proliferation, and differentiation. The above is important in the biophysical stimulation of MSC for bone regeneration.

Keywords

Biophysical Stimulation, Bone Regeneration, Osteodifferentiation, Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

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Saúl David Buelvas-Caro ¹, María Camila Assia-Ortiz ¹, Liliana Polo-Corrales ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Innovation and Development of Food Processes (DESINPA) - Universidad de Sucre, Carrera. 28 #5-267, Puerta Roja, Sincelejo, CO

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this work was to review the recent advances in the non-thermal treatments for food preservation such as ultrasound, microwave, ultraviolet irradiation, electric field, electromagnetic field, and high hydrostatic pressure. Methods/Statistical Analysis: In order to elaborate this review, it was performed the following procedure: First, by the use of databases available, the principal findings published related to the non-thermal treatments used to preserve specific food product were chosen. Second, the principal characteristics such as conditions of operation, effects on mechanical and physicochemical properties, and relevant results were highlighted from each study. Third, a short description of each study was realized. Findings: In this review, the non-thermal treatments can generate in food minimal alterations of the physicochemical and mechanical properties, stimulate the production of edible microorganism, generate localized heating conserving its nutritional quality, promote the enzymatic inactivation, and have antimicrobial effects. Application/Improvements: Non-thermal treatments used for sterilization process in food can implement the use of others technologies such as example the nanostructured materials used in the fabrication of food packaging, the use of different types of food packaging i.e., active, intelligent, biodegradable, the application of treatments such as the use of nzyme or biopreservation, and the incorporation of bio-compounds.

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